The use of renewable energies (wind power, solar and photovoltaic energy, biomass and biofuels, geothermal energy and heat-pump systems) contributes to securing energy supply. To increase the use of renewable energy sources, in its “Renewable Energies Roadmap” the EU has set itself the objective of increasing the proportion of renewable energies in its energy mix by 20% by 2020. This objective requires progress to be made in (i) increasing the production of electricity from renewable sources and (ii) allowing the sustainable production of electricity from fossil fuels, principally through the implementation of CO2 capture and storage systems), biofuels , which should represent 10% of vehicle fuels by 2020, and finally heating and cooling systems.
The European Union has targeted renewable sources of energy – wind power, solar power (thermal, photovoltaic and concentrated), hydro-electric power, tidal power, geothermal energy and biomass as alternatives to fossil fuels. The Directive PE-CONS 3736/08 (26 March 2009, available for download at http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/index_en.htm) on renewable energy sets targets for all Member States, such that the Europe will reach a 20% share of energy from renewable sources by 2020 and a 10% share of renewable energy in the transport sector. It also improves the legal framework for promoting renewable electricity http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/electricity/electricity_en.htm, requires national action plans for the development of renewable energy sources including bioenergy http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/bioenergy/bioenergy_en.htm and biofuels http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/biofuels/biofuels_en.htm. In addition, the Commission's Communication of 2007 on "An Energy Policy for Europe" for wind energy http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/wind_energy/wind_energy_en.htm states that it will be necessary to develop further the use of oceans and seas to promote the EU's energy goals, given their potential to support the generation of energy and to diversify energy transport routes and methods.[1]
Research by Kevine Lidoro
