Given that the ability to power up at temperatures as low 30 below zero Fahrenheit remains a challenge for fuel cells, the current state of the technology remains ill-suited for the coldest climates.
The fit of the geographic area to hydrogen use can be dependent on the type of method being used to derive the hydrogen. For example, if the process occurs in a water cycle, where H2O is split using renewable resources such as solar or wind energy, the best geographic areas for the hydrogen to be produced would include those areas rich in water and energy resources. However, the impact of this would be limited by the fact that the hydrogen could then be stored and transported to other areas for use in fuel cells.
Similarly, areas rich in other resources from which hydrogen can be derived can also be considered highly suitable for hydrogen production. Examples would include geographic areas rich in access to fossil fuels, nuclear energy, biomass, wind, solar, geothermal, and hydroelectric power sources. Considering this, hydrogen production is not necessarily limited to any particular geographic area in the world.[1]
